Momentum Calculator
Momentum 1
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Momentum 2
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Total Momentum
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Inelastic Final Velocity
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Understanding Momentum and Collisions
p = mv (vector). Conservation: total momentum preserved in all collisions without external forces.
Inelastic: objects stick. vf = (m1v1+m2v2)/(m1+m2). KE is not conserved; some becomes heat/sound.
Impulse = F*dt = change in momentum. Airbags increase collision time to reduce force.
Frequently Asked Questions
Conservation of momentum?
Total momentum before = after: m1v1+m2v2 = m1v1'+m2v2'. Holds for all collisions.
Elastic vs inelastic?
Elastic: both momentum and KE conserved (billiards). Inelastic: only momentum (car crashes).
What is impulse?
Force x time = momentum change. Catching with soft hands (more time) reduces force.
Newton's cradle?
Demonstrates conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy simultaneously.