Projectile Motion Calculator

Range

Max Height

Time of Flight

Impact Speed

Projectile Motion Physics

Horizontal: vx = v*cos(theta) constant. Vertical: vy = v*sin(theta) decreases at 9.81 m/s^2.

Max range at 45 degrees on flat ground. Max height = vy^2/(2g). Time = 2vy/g on flat ground.

Real projectiles have air resistance reducing range 20-60%. This calculator gives ideal trajectories.

Frequently Asked Questions

Best angle for range?

45 degrees without air resistance. With drag, optimal is lower (30-40 degrees).

Air resistance?

Requires numerical simulation. Drag = (1/2)*Cd*rho*A*v^2. No analytical solution.

Does mass matter?

In vacuum, no. With air resistance, heavier objects are less affected by drag.

Trajectory equation?

y = x*tan(theta) - g*x^2/(2*v^2*cos^2(theta)) + h0.

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